Western Civilization - HIST 102 Resource Guide

On November 11, 1958, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev declared the 1944 London Protocol invalid. The Western powers of France, Great Britain, and the United States had forfeited their rights to stay in West Berlin, he said, and the latter should become an “independent political unit,

Following the defeat of Germany, Berlin was administered jointly by Britain, the USA, France, and the USSR. In June 1948 the USSR withdrew from the combined board and blockaded the city. This document is a cabinet paper incorporating a report from General Robertson to the chiefs of staff, which summarizes the progress of the Berlin airlift.

Ideological, political, and economic tensions from 1945 to 1989 between the USSR and Eastern Europe on the one hand and the USA and Western Europe on the other. The Cold War was fuelled by propaganda, undercover activity by intelligence agencies, and economic sanctions;

Fundamentally, a system of social organization in which property (especially real property and the means of production) is held in common.

The act of obtaining information clandestinely. The term applies particularly to the act of collecting military, industrial, and political data about one nation for the benefit of another...

Marx was born in Trier, then part of Prussia, on 5 May 1818, and died in London on 14 March 1883...

Systematic manipulation of public opinion, generally by the use of symbols such as flags, monuments, oratory, and publications...

Campaign against communists (called ‘reds’) in the USA during the 20th century, and associated atmosphere of suspicion and fear...

General term for the political and economic theory that advocates a system of collective or government ownership and management of the means of production and distribution of goods.

Officially Republic of Cuba, republic...

1961, an unsuccessful invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles, supported by the U.S. government...

October 1962 when Soviet rockets were installed in Cuba and US president John F Kennedy compelled Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, by military threats and negotiation, to remove them...