Philosophy Resource Guide

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
The branch of philosophy that is concerned with the nature of art and the criteria of artistic judgment.

In linguistics, philosophy, and literary theory, the exposure and undermining of the metaphysical assumptions involved in systematic attempts to ground knowledge, especially in academic disciplines such as structuralism and semiotics.

Official philosophy of Communism, based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, as elaborated by G. V. Plekhanov, V. I. Lenin, and Joseph Stalin.

[Gr.,=knowledge or science], the branch of philosophy that is directed toward theories of the sources, nature, and limits of knowledge.

In philosophy, the study and evaluation of human conduct in the light of moral principles.

Any of several philosophic systems, all centered on the individual and his relationship to the universe or to God.

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
Philosophical and literary movement in which man and his capabilities are the central concern. The term was originally restricted to a point of view prevalent among thinkers in the Renaissance.

The attitude that places special value on ideas and ideals as products of the mind, in comparison with the world as perceived through the senses.

The systematic study of valid inference. A distinction is drawn between logical validity and truth.

Also known as logical or scientific empiricism, modern school of philosophy that attempted to introduce the methodology and precision of mathematics and the natural sciences into the field of philosophy.

In philosophy, a widely held system of thought that explains the nature of the world as entirely dependent on matter, the fundamental and final reality beyond which nothing need be sought.

Branch of philosophy concerned with the ultimate nature of existence.

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
Derived from the Latin nihil, “nothing,” nihilism in ethical discourse is generally defined as the absolute denial or negation of values.

From The Columbia Encyclopedia
Modern school of philosophy founded by Edmund Husserl. Its influence extended throughout Europe and was particularly important to the early development of existentialism.

Method of philosophy in which the truth of a proposition is measured by its correspondence with experimental results and by its practical outcome.

In philosophy, a theory that holds that reason alone, unaided by experience, can arrive at basic truth regarding the world.